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D a t a V u
Data Analysis and Visualization Software
Version 1.0
Olympic Software
(C) Copyright 1993
All Rights Reserved
BBS Support: 215-353-6971
-1-
REGISTRATION
If you are not a registered user of DataVu, please register now
by sending $35.00 to our address:
Olympic Software
P.O. Box 769
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010
USA
Registration brings the following benefits:
1. You will receive complete user or developer support through
our BBS.
2. Special application plots that 'hook' to DataVu will become
available to you at our BBS.
3. You will become registered for D-ACCESS, a library of 24
modules which allow access to DOS, BIOS, I/O, Mouse and PC Hardware
from Microsoft FORTRAN (MSFOR 4.0 and beyond). D-ACCESS is available
to you at our BBS.
4. You will receive one major upgrade free. Subsequent upgrades
will be available at a very modest cost.
5. You will be notified of all changes, updates, tips, etc. as
new, powerful features are added.
6. You will be supporting the SHAREWARE concept: Quality
software at very reasonable prices.
We invite you to call our BBS, to browse around or to get
questions answered. And please, if you have any problems or
suggestions, don't hesitate to let us know. Your problems will
receive prompt attention and we will be happy to incorporate good
suggestions in future releases of DataVu.
TRADEMARKS:
International Business Machines: IBM PC, XT, AT, PS/2,
Proprinter
Microsoft Corporation: Windows
Epson America, Inc: Epson FX,LQ
C.Itoh Digital Products, Inc: C.Itoh
Okidata Corporation: Okidata
Hewlett-Packard: Laserjet
DataVu version 1.0, (C) Copyright 1993, Olympic Software
P.O. Box 769, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010, USA. BBS: 215-353-6971
-2-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Brief Description
1.2 Installation
1.3 Specifications
1.4 Special Keys
2. INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
2.1 Screen Objects and Organization
2.2 Menu System and Menu Item Selection
2.3 System Prompt
2.4 File Selection
2.5 Data Input
3. INTERNAL DESIGN
4. OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION
5. FILE FORMATS
5.1 Data Files (*.ODF or *.DAT) and Coordinate Systems
5.2 Pixel Files (*.OBM)
5.3 Program Control Files
5.3.1 Configuration (DATAVU.CFG, OSGT.CFG)
5.3.2 Default Values (DATAVU.DFV)
5.3.3 Video Driver Information (VIDEO.VDR)
5.3.4 Palette (*.PAL)
5.3.5 Fonts (*.FON)
5.3.6 Dot Matrix Printer (*.DMP)
5.3.7 HP Laser Printer (*.LSR)
6. APPENDICES
A. Printer Codes
EPSON FX Printer Codes
IBM Proprinter Codes
C.ITOH 8510 Printer Codes
OKIDATA ML92 Printer Codes
HP Laserjet Printer Codes
B. ASCII Characters
C. IBM Standard Color Codes/Modes
-3-
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION
DataVu is a menu driven, programmable, plotting program,
developed by Olympic Software. DataVu reads, manipulates, plots and
prints properly formatted ASCII data files, under DOS on IBM or
compatible PCs. Its comprehensive plot features include multiple
coordinate systems (x,y plots, polar, surface, contour, etc.), single
or dual screens, linear, log, and modulo scales, multiple line and
marker types, annotation, and exporting pixel files. DataVu supports
CGA, EGA and VGA graphics standards and EPSON, IBM, C.ITOH, OKIDATA,
and HP Laser printers. DataVu constitutes an effective tool for any
application requiring visual representation of data, especially for
applications which are engineering or scientific in nature.
This manual is designed to provide you with a detailed overview
of DataVu version 1.0. After completing reading this manual, you will
be able to plot data files with DataVu default parameters, as well as
programming DataVu control files.
1.2 INSTALLATION
DataVu is designed to operate under PC-DOS/MS-DOS 3.* and beyond
on an IBM *86 (PC, XT, AT, PS/2) or compatibles on the BIOS level. A
CGA, EGA or VGA graphics board is needed, 512 K RAM, and a graphics
printer like Epson FX, IBM proprinter, C.ITOH 8510, Okidata ML92, or
HP Laserjet. A math coprocessor like the 80*87 is not required, but
it is highly recommended. DataVu 1.0 requires at least 400 kilobytes
of free RAM to run.
The installation of DataVu is simple: a) create a subdirectory
on the hard drive and copy DATAVU.EXE into it; b) Enter the
subdirectory and run DATAVU.EXE; it will decompress to DV.EXE and all
supporting files; c) You may then erase DATAVU.EXE, since it isn't
necessary any more; d) Run SETUP.BAT to create configuration files
DATAVU.CFG and OSGT.CFG; e) Run DV.EXE.
To use the mouse capabilities in Edit mode, install a Microsoft
compatible mouse driver, ie. mouse.sys or mouse.com, through the DOS
CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT.
The following supplied files (through DATAVU.EXE decompression)
are needed for DataVu to work properly:
1. DV.EXE: The DataVu executable file
2. DATAVU.CFG: The DataVu configuration file (includes path)
3. DATAVU.DFV: The DataVu default values file
4. OSGT.CFG: The Olympic Software
Graphics Toolkit Configuration file
5. VIDEO.VDR: The video driver parameters file
6. COLOR.PAL,
BW.PAL: The Palette files
7. *.FON: Microsoft C Library font files (Bitmapped and Vector)
8. *.DMP: Dot Matrix Printer control files
9. *.LSR: Laser Printer control files
-4-
10. SETUP.BAT,
DSETUP.EXE: DataVu Setup programs
The following data files are example data files:
1. *.ODF: Olympic Software (Structured) Data Files
2. *.DAT: Simple Data Files
The DATAVU.CFG file includes the path to the DataVu subdirectory
and is needed in the DataVu subdirectory. It is also needed in the
root directory or in an arbitrary subdirectory to allow DataVu to be
run from that arbitrary subdirectory. OSGT.CFG controls the
configuration of the underlying graphics toolkit, OSGT. SETUP.BAT
generates or alters DATAVU.CFG and OSGT.CFG, and copies them to the
root directory. For programming of these files, see section 5.0.
1.3 SPECIFICATIONS
DataVu is capable of plotting and manipulating a data file with
up to 5000 X,Y,Z data points (including control data fields), the size
of its internal plot buffer. A special mode allows plotting of
unlimited size data files (limited only by disk space). The title and
the X-, Y-, Z-Axis Labels may contain up to 40 characters. The number
of files which can be input to the DataVu buffer is not limited in
number but in total combined size, namely 5000 total X,Y,Z data
points. Section 5.0 addresses data file structures.
Here is the list of DataVu capabilities and features:
General
1. Flexible hierarchical menu system
2. Graphics video card support (CGA, EGA and VGA)
3. Dot matrix printer support (EPSON, IBM, C.ITOH, OKIDATA)
4. Laser printer support (HP Laserjet)
5. Microsoft C Library graphics
6. Microsoft Pixel and Vector Fonts
7. Mouse option (DOS/Microsoft mouse driver compatible)
8. Sound effects option
9. Default values saving
Filing
10. File directory viewing and selecting
11. Powerful and simple data file type (*.ODF and *.DAT)
12. Selectable columns from multiple column data files
13. Data (*.ODF, *.DAT) and color pixel file saving (*.OBM, *.PCX)
14. Export to *.PCX, *.IMG, *.TIF, *.WPG monochrome pixel files
Editing
15. Title and Labels editing
16. X,Y,Z plot value reading
17. Plot annotation with text buffer and coarse grid for consistency
Plotting
18. Single or dual cartesian coordinate system
19. Window and full screen plotting
Printing
20. Portrait, Landscape printing
21. Printer file output
-5-
Additional Coordinate Systems
22. Polar Plots
23. 3-D Surface and Contour plotting
Presentation
24. Autoscaling
25. Linear, Semilog, Log, and Modulo scales
26. Selection of numeric types for scales
27. Full set of line and marker types
28. Text font, size and color selection
29. Grid characteristics selection
Options
30. Selection of options for printer, data and pixel files
Data Buffer Manipulation
31. Data buffer operations: biasing, scaling, swapping, rotating,
coordinate transformations
Special Operations
32. Unlimited data file size plotting
The following are planned and coming upgrades:
1. Porting to MS Windows
2. Special application plots
3. Math functions on data
4. Data interpolation
5. Animation
6. Variable size windows and therefore plots
1.4 SPECIAL KEYS
The following keys play a special role in DataVu operation:
ESC: Escape to the above level in operating mode tree
Abort graphics printing
Space Bar: Select menu item (downward only)
Enter: Execute menu selection
Change Cartesian Windows in Edit/ReadXY mode
F1/F2: Select Cartesian Upper/Lower Window in Edit/ReadXY
mode
Arrows: Step finely graphics cursor in Edit/ReadXY
or Edit/Annotate modes (if mouse is disabled)
Select menu item (Up-Down arrows only)
-/+: Step coarsely graphics cursor in -/+ X direction
in Edit modes (if mouse is disabled)
PgUp/PgDn: Step coarsely graphics cursor in +/- Y direction
in Edit modes (if mouse is disabled)
-6-
2. INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
2.1 SCREEN OBJECTS AND ORGANIZATION
DataVu features easy screen layout with a powerful menu system.
It operates in graphics mode. The name of the program and version
appear on the top left side, with the menu area exactly under it, on
the left side of the screen. To the right of the menu system a window
appears where all plotting is done. The top row, above the window, is
reserved for file names while the last (bottom) row is reserved as a
system response row. The row exactly below the window is reserved for
reading coordinates in the window in the Edit mode.
2.2 MENU SYSTEM AND MENU ITEM SELECTION
The menu system displays hierarchical-linked menus, which come
with a name and a set of choices. The choices are selected either by
typing the capital letter in the choice name (or a number, if it
appears) or by pressing "Enter". If "Enter" is pressed the choice
pointed to by the ">" is selected. To change the selection either use
the Space Bar or the Up/Down Arrows. At any point in the menu
selection "Escape" will take the user back to the immediately higher
level. A powerful feature in the menu system is memory of previous
selections. If similar repetitive operations are being worked, this
feature aids the user to quickly navigate through selections with
mostly using "Enter".
Plotting is accomplished in the window shown or in the whole
screen. Whole screen plotting allows for more resolution and is
accomplished through the "Plot" selection.
2.3 SYSTEM PROMPT
The System Prompt is displayed on the bottom row of the screen.
This is where DataVu prompts the user for general input or the system
displays messages.
2.4 FILE SELECTION
File selection is accomplished by a sequence of actions. From
the File menu DataVu prompts in the System Prompt field for the
desired directory (with drive if desired). Blanks or no input
designate current directory. Then DataVu prompts for the file type,
ie. *.ODF, *.DAT, *.OBM, or *.PCX. The user can backspace to change
the extension; DataVu will automatically change the data file type or
the pixel file expected. Those can also be controlled by the Options
or File menus. Then an alphanumeric panel takes control (same area as
the menu) which presents lists of filenames. The user uses the Up/Dn
Arrow or Space Bar to move the ">" character pointing to the current
filename. The desired filename is selected by "Enter". "PgDn" will
switch between sets of filenames until all are exhausted in the
directory.
-7-
File selection from the File menu is done through alphanumeric
panels for opening files. For saving files DataVu prompts the user
for a filename. The filename extension should not be included.
DataVu adds it automatically, according to the operation at hand, ie.
data or pixel file, and according to the option selected, ie. *.ODF or
*.DAT. If a file extension is included, DataVu will not add any other
extension but the file type will be assumed by the operation at hand!
2.5 DATA INPUT
Data input is accomplished by "panels" (in the same area as the
menu) which present the list of variable names expecting to receive
data followed by fields in which data is typed in by the user.
Default data is displayed and the user can either use the "Del" key to
erase the whole field or the Back_Space key to erase
character-by-character starting from the last character. Upon "Enter"
DataVu checks the number and if it is proper it moves on, otherwise it
replaces it with the default/previous value before moving on.
The types of input accepted are floating numbers (type E or F),
integers, and logicals. Logicals are presented as "Yes" or "No" and
any key accept "Enter" or Up/Dn Arrows will toggle them.
-8-
3. INTERNAL DESIGN
Understanding the internal architecture of DataVu leads to a
smoother operation and getting the most out of it. Its object
oriented design revolves around the following objects:
1. The data buffer with 5000 rows by 3 columns (X,Y,Z
locations). The data buffer stores data objects which are defined as
a series of points, N rows by 2 (X,Y) or 3 (X,Y,Z) columns. See
section 5 for a discussion on coordinate systems supported by DataVu.
Data objects are stored in the following manner: The number of data
points contained in the first object, say N, is stored first in all 2
or 3 columns of the first row, followed by the N rows of data. The
number of data points in the second object is then stored, after the
last data point of the first object, followed by its rows of data, and
so on.
The data is read from data files, *.ODF or *.DAT. Both *.ODF and
*.DAT types of files may contain multiple data objects. Reading
multiple files will either overwrite the data in the data buffer or
append the data already existing in the data buffer, depending on user
input (see section 4). Certain restrictions exist regarding multiple
data objects. Only coordinate systems 1,2,3,4, and 6 can have
multiple data objects by appending or file input in the data buffer.
Coordinate system 5 can have multiple data objects by file input only.
Associated with the data buffer are the Title, X-label, Y-label,
and Z-label of the last data file read.
The data in the data file can be manipulated through operations.
Operations include biasing, scaling, swapping, rotating, and
coordinate transforming.
2. The plot window, which is one of two types; either the window
in the standard user interface screen, or the total screen. The plot
window characteristics depend on the video driver, the monitor, and
the contents in files VIDEO.VDR and *.PAL.
If the total screen is selected for plotting, DataVu before
plotting displays a screen of information for the user to use, since
whole screen plotting will not allow full interaction with the user.
The information includes options tied to keys and a filename field in
case file export is desired.
3. The plot manager which plots the data from the data buffer
into the plot window as a set of graphic objects, according to the
presentation options and coordinate system. The graphic objects
include a) the data with line and marker types, b) the axes, c) the
grid, d) the scales, e) the title, f) the labels, and g) the
annotations. Once drawn, the graphic objects are treated as pixels in
a paint program.
The plot manager uses a multiple stage coordinate transformer for
maximum flexibility. World coordinates are transformed to normalized
viewport coordinates and then to logical coordinates. The Microsoft C
graphics finally translate logical to physical coordinates.
The plot manager uses special routines to annotate a plot (also
see annotation buffer object), as well as to read data points in a
plot.
-9-
4. The printer output manager, which prints the plot window
contents, based on the print options. The plot screen is printed out
as a matrix of pixels. The printer output manager also can output to
a file instead of a printer, according to print options, most of which
come from files *.DMP or *.LSR.
5. The graphics (pixel) file output manager, which outputs the
plot window contents, based on the pixel file options. The plot
screen is output as a matrix of pixels.
6. The annotation buffer stores the annotations by the user
along with the locations and text type.
Most options are stored as default values in file DATAVU.DFV, and
can be changed interactively by the user. The graphic operations are
accomplished through OSGT (Olympic Software Graphics Toolkit) which
utilizes the Microsoft C graphics library, including the fonts *.FON.
-10-
4. OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION
The functions selected through the menu are very intuitive and
don't need much explanation:
FIRST LEVEL
1. MAIN_MENU
System: Leads to system information or exiting
File: Leads to file operations
Edit: Leads to editing operations
Plot: Leads to ploting
pRint: Leads to printing
Coord_system: Selects or changes coordinate system
presenTation: Leads to presentation options
Options: Leads to printer and file options
Data_ops: Leads to data buffer operations
speCial_ops: Leads to special operations
restArt: Restarts by clearing plot and repainting the screen
SECOND LEVEL
2. SYSTEM
About: Returns system information
Configuration: Returns hardware configuration information
eXit_DATAVU: Exits the program
3. FILE
New_plot: Clears buffer, flags, and screen; resets x,y,z column
definition and coordinate system
Open_data: Opens data file and puts data in buffer
Add_data: Opens data file and appends to existing data in buffer
Save_data: Saves data in buffer
open_Pixel: Opens pixel file
save_piXel: Saves pixel file
Export_pixel: Exports to monochrome pixel files of choice
saVe_dflts: Saves defaults to DATAVU.DFV
4. EDIT
Clear_screen: Clears screen
Title: Edits title
X-label: Edits X label
Y-label: Edits Y label
Z-label: Edits Z label
Read_XY: Invokes reading xy values from plot in screen
Annotate: Invokes annotating on plot in screen
Note: Reading and Annotating plots is done with a cross-hair,
moveable with mouse (if it exists) or arrow keys. With annotation
there exists an invisible grid for more consistent/better looking
annotations.
clr_annot_Buf: Clears annotation buffer
5. PLOT
Window: Plot in the primary interface window
Screen: Plot in whole screen
-11-
6. COORD_SYSTEM: Selects following groups of coordinate systems
Rectangular
Polar(r,phi)
Surface
Contour
7. PRESENTATION: Selects presentation options in the following groups
Axes
Grid
Data
Scales
Title
xy_Labels
aNnotation
sUrface
Contour
Notes: The surface option queries for the existence of x,y,z axes,
cut lines (lines showing behind a cut), partial lines (as opposed to
full lines), view angles phi and theta, axes length, viewport x,y
limits, and surface grid number of points, NI rows and NJ columns.
Cuts are controlled with the available and unavailable data in the
files (see example files). The contour option queries for the contour
curve +/- threshold (e.g. for z vs. x,y it querries for the delta z
around the discrete z scale points; this controls contour smoothness),
the existence of the contour curve scale, and the contour scale draw
place in number of points.
8. OPTIONS: Selects options in each of the categories
Printer
Data_file
piXel_file
9. DATA_OPS: Selects data operations in data buffer
cLear_data: Clears data
Bias_xyz: Biases x,y,z data
Scale_xyz: Scales x,y,z data
sWap_xy: Swaps x,y data
swAp_xz: Swaps x,y data
swaP_yz: Swaps x,y data
Rotate_xy: Rotates x,y data around an x,y point
rOtate_xz: Rotates x,z data around an x,z point
roTate_yz: Rotates y,z data around an y,z point
rEct_to_cyl: Translates rectangular to cylindrical coordinates
cYl_to_rect: Translates cylindrical to rectangular coordinates
reCt_to_spher: Translates rectangular to spherical coordinates
spHer_to_rect: Translates spherical to rectangular coordinates
10. SPECIAL_OPS
Read_&_plot: Read and plot from larger than buffer size files
Note: This mode assumes that the scales are set. If all buffers are
empty, then the scales will be set automatically once, with the first
data read-in. File/New clears scales.
-12-
THIRD LEVEL
11. EXPORT: Selects export to following types of pixel files
*.Pcx
*.Img
*.Tif
*.Wpg
12. RECTANGULAR: Selects following rectangular coordinate systems
1. x,y
2. x,z
3. y,z
4. x,y;x,z: Dual plot screen
5. x,y1,y2...: Multiple y columns for one x column
13. AXES: Selects presentation axes attributes
axes_Color
14. GRID: Selects grid presentation attributes
grid_Type
grid_Color
15. DATA: Selects data presentation attributes
Line_type
line_Width
line_Color
Marker_type
marker_Size
marKer_color
marker_Period: Determines how often in points marker is drawn
16. SCALES: Selects scale attributes or actions
Autoscale_xyz: Forces autoscaling of x,y,z
X_scale: Sets scale min, max, major and minor steps,
Y_scale and automatic, log, modulo flags
Z_scale
lineaR_xyz: Resets scales to linear
Normal_xyz: Resets scales to normal (ie. not modulo)
aUto_xyz: Sets automatic scaling to on
x_Type: Sets number type, E, F, or I
x_Decimals: Sets number of decimals
y_tyPe
y_deciMals
z_typE
z_decimaLs
Font
char_Size
char_Color
17. TITLE: Sets title attributes
Font
char_Size
char_Color
-13-
18. LABELS: Sets label attributes
Font
char_Size
char_Color
19. ANNOTATION: Sets annotation attributes
Font
char_Size
char_Color
20. PRINTER: Sets printer attributes
Landscape: Default, sets output to Landscape
Portrait: Sets ouput to Portrait
to_pRinter: Default, directs printer output to printer
to_File: Directs printer output to file
21. DATA_FILE: Sets data file type and defines x,y,z columns
1. *.odf: Includes header information
2. *.dat: Plain, no header information
Def_xyz_col: Defaults to 1,2,3; may be redefined for choosing or
interchanging columns, especially in multi-column data files
22. PIXEL_FILE: Sets pixel file type
Regular: Default, normal image
Inverse: Negative image
Obm_dflt: Default image saving to *.obm
Pcx_dflt: Default image saving to *.pcx
23. SURFACE: Sets surface plot coordinate system
1. x,y,z: Standard Cartizian x,y,z
2. r,phi,z: Cylindrical
3. r,phi,theta: Spherical
4. gen_x,y,z: Parametric Cartizian
24. CONTOUR: Sets Contour plot coordinate system
1. z_vs_x,y
2. y_vs_x,z
3. x_vs_y,z
SPECIAL PRESENTATION MENUS
1. NUM_TYPE: Sets numeric types
E: Scientific (mantissa and exponent)
F: Simple floating
I: Integer
2. NUM_DECIMALS: Sets number of decimals
1
2
3
-14-
3. FONT: Sets font type
Courier
Helv
Tmsrmn
Modern
Script
Roman
Symbol
4. SIZE: Sets font size
1) 8 point
2) 12 point
3) 16 point
4) 20 point
5) 24 point
5. COLOR: Sets color
Black
blUe
Green
Cyan
Red
Magenta
brOwn
White
grAy
light_bLue
light_grEen
light_cyaN
light_reD
light_magenTa
Yellow
light_whIte
6. LINE_TYPE: Sets line type
None
Solid
Long_dash
shOrt_dash
Dot
dAsh_dot
dasH_dot_dot
Variable: Sets variable line type, solid to dash_dot_dot
7. WIDTH: Sets line width
1 point
-15-
8. MARKER_TYPE: Sets marker type
1. none
2. point
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Variable: Sets variable marker type, A to P
9. GRID_TYPE: Sets grid type
None
Solid
Dense
Medium
Light
-16-
5. FILE FORMATS
5.1 DATA FILES (*.ODF or *.DAT) AND COORDINATE SYSTEMS
The *.ODF data file format is simple, yet very effective. It is
in ASCII and it includes a header which identifies the file, the data
(application driven, must be transparent to "don't care"
applications), accommodates multiple columns and multiple data sets,
and it includes descriptors for data title and columns. The *.ODF
data file type has the extension *.ODF and is described in the
following table:
*.ODF DATA FILE STRUCTURE
------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERNAL
VARIABLE TYPE DESCRIPTION
CDF CHARACTER*3 FILE ID ('ODF')
IDD INT*4 DATA ID (APPLICATION DRIVEN)
NCOL INT*4 NO COLUMNS IN DATA FILE
ICSYS INT*2 COORDINATE SYSTEM (0-17)
NI,NJ INT*4 MATRIX X ROWS,Y COL (SURFACE NET)
PTITLE CHARACTER*40 TITLE
XLAB CHARACTER*40 X-LABEL
YLAB CHARACTER*40 Y-LABEL
ZLAB CHARACTER*40 Z-LABEL
NROW INT*4 DATA OBJECT NO ROWS
X,Y,Z REAL,REAL,REAL X,Y,Z DATA
...
NROW
X,Y,Z
...
The *.DAT data file type is in ASCII and it is similar to *.ODF,
but it has no header information (Note the inclusion of # columns)
*.DAT DATA FILE STRUCTURE
------------------------------------------------------------------
NROW,NCOL
X,Y1,Y2...
...
NROW,NCOL
X,Y1,Y2...
...
Single column files are treated as Y or Y1 files with X being filed
out automatically by DataVu as 1,2,3, etc. Multiple column files are
allowed, and DataVu can be instructed to select any 3 columns for
plotting at any coordinate system. If desired, coordinate system 5,
which represents data with single X values and multiple Y values, can
be set through the Coord_system option. NCOL must always be less than
or equal to 20. Check the example files supplied with DataVu.
The following table describes the coordinate systems supported by
DataVu (see example files supplied):
-17-
COORDINATE SYSTEMS
------------------------------------------------------------------
*.ODF:
CoordSys Internal Data Interpretation: From File Data
0. Defaults to CoordSys=1 for 1 or 2 column, or 4 for 3 column
1. X,Y: From (X,)Y or X,Y or X,Y,Z -- Multiple Objects
2. X,Z: From (X,)Y or X,Y or X,Y,Z -- Multiple Objects
3. Y,Z: From (X,)Y or X,Y or X,Y,Z -- Multiple Objects
4. X,Y;X,Z: From (X),Y or X,Y or X,Y,Z -- Multiple Objects
(Split Screen)
5. X,Y1,Y2,...: From Y1 or X,Y1 or X,Y1,Y2 ...
6. R,PHI: From R,PHI -- Multiple Objects
11. X(I),Y(J),Z(I,J): From X,Y,Z
12. R(I),PHI(J),Z(I,J): From X,Y,Z
13. R(I,J),PHI(J),THETA(I): From X,Y,Z
14. X(I,J),Y(I,J),Z(I,J) [Parametric]: From X,Y,Z
15. Z AS OF X,Y: From X,Y,Z
16. Y AS OF X,Z: From X,Y,Z
17. X AS OF Y,Z: From X,Y,Z
Note: (X) means implied X, ie. data is not contained in file
*.DAT (similar to *.ODF, without the header):
CoordSys Internal Data: from File Data
??? X,Y1,Y2,...: From Y1 or X,Y1 or X,Y1,Y2 ...
Note: CoordSys must be defined through Coord_system option
Coordinate System (ICSYS) vs. Number Columns (NCOL)
*2D* (All 2D except 5 controlled by column definition option)
1 COL 2 COL 3 COL >3 COL
0 (X,)Y X,Y X,Y;X,Z -- Default
1 (X,)Y X,Y X,Y
2 X,Z
3 Y,Z
4 X,Y;X,Z -- Split Screen
5 (X,)Y X,Y X,Y1,Y2 X,Y1,Y2... -- Hor. Objects
6 R,PHI
*3D* Surface
11 X(I),Y(J),Z(I,J)
12 R(I),PHI(J),Z(I,J)
13 R(I,J),PHI(J),THETA(I)
14 X(I,J),Y(I,J),Z(I,J)--Parametric
I,J:1-NI,1-NJ, I Changes over its range for
every J
*3D* Contour (Data as in ICSYS=11 or 14, ie. X(..),Y(..),Z(..))
15 Z as of X,Y
16 Y as of X,Z
17 X as of Y,Z
-18-
5.2 Pixel Files (*.OBM)
The pixel (or image or bit map) data file is sophisticated, yet
simple and efficient. Its creation was inspired by studing various
image file types like ZSOFT PCX, DRI IMG, TIFF and MacPaint. It is
formatted (binary), it includes a header which describes the file
contents rather extensively, and it takes advantage of the MacPaint
compression scheme (also used by TIFF), which is excellent. Here it
is extended to include color (16 colors). The compression algorithm
compresses the entire color line with Red, Green, Blue and Intensity
data; the encoding breaks at the end of the Intensity part of the
line. The color palette depends on the application. Color palette
information can be added to the file header optionally. This format
does not accommodate multiple pages. The pixel file extension is
*.OBM and is described in the following table:
PIXEL FILE STRUCTURE
------------------------------------------------------------------
OFFSET SIZE FIELD VALUE
0 W ID 5454:INTEL (6161:MOTOROLA)
2 W NPX WIDTH, PIXELS
4 W NPY HEIGHT, SCAN LINES
6 B IENC COMPRESS FLAG (1:MAC PACKBITS)
7 B IVMU UNITS (0:REL,1:IN,2:CM)
8 W NPXU PIXEL DENSITY X
10 W NPYU PIXEL DENSITY Y
12 B NCP NO. COLOR PLANES (1-4)
13 B NBC NO. BITS PER COLOR (1)
14 B IBWCR 0: B/W; 1: COLOR IMAGE
15 B IPI PHOTOMETRIC INTERPRETATION (1)
(0: MIN=WHITE, 1: MIN=BLACK,
2: RGB [SEE TIFF])
This part is for the color palette and is optional;
currently it is not used by DataVu...
16 W NCOLR NUMBER OF COLORS IN PALETTE
18-20 B RGB FIRST COLOR (IE. BLACK)
21-23 B RGB SECOND COLOR (IE. BLUE)
16+(2+3*NCOLR) RRR... DATA BITS
GGG...
BBB...
III...
*.OBM files are used by DataVu to store its pixel files from
File. Optionally, the user may choose DataVu to use PCX files instead
of OBM. This selection is done from Options.
5.3 Program Control Files
DataVu uses program control files for its operation. These files
are not meant to be edited by the user. In some cases, the advanced
user may find it advantageous, however, to edit them for further
flexibility.
-19-
5.3.1 Configuration (DATAVU.CFG, OSGT.CFG)
These files are created by SETUP. DATAVU.CFG includes the path
including drive to the subdirectory where DataVu resides. OSGT.CFG
saves the hardware configuration selected by the user through SETUP.
The information contained is:
Subdirectory including drive
Video driver type (CGA, EGA, VGA, etc)
Monitor type (Color or Monochrome)
Video driver filename, VIDEO.VDR
Color Palette filename, ie. COLOR.PAL
Number of fonts followed by their names, followed by their
selector character desired in the DataVu menu system
Printer identification, ie. EPSONFX
Printer driver file identification, ie. EPSONFX.DMP
Printer port, ie. LPT1
Mouse existence, ie. MOUSE
Sound effects desired, ie. SOUND
5.3.2 Default Values (DATAVU.DFV)
Most defaults, especially those related to presentation style,
are saved in this file. This file should not be edited by the user!
The data contained is:
Pixel file invert flag, pixel file default flag
Printer orientation, printer output flag, data file type
Background color, axes line type, width, and color
Grid on flag, line type, line width, and color
Data line type, width, and color
Data marker type, height, color, and period
X scale default number major and minor divisions
Y scale default number major and minor divisions
Z scale default number major and minor divisions
Multipliers for X, Y, and Z scales
Log flag for X, Y, and Z scales
Modulo flag for X, Y, and Z scales
Automatic flag for X, Y, and Z scales
X scale numeric type and number decimals
Y scale numeric type and number decimals
Z scale numeric type and number decimals
Scales text color and height
Title text color and height
Labels text color and height
Annotation text color and height
Scales font
Title font
Labels font
Annotation font
Surface axes flag, cut lines flag, and hidden lines flag
Surface view angle phi, theta
Contour +/-threshold*1000, numbers on flag, place in data points
-20-
5.3.3 Video Driver Information (VIDEO.VDR)
This file includes video driver information for CGA, EGA, VGA,
etc. The information for each driver (column) contained is:
Text mode for color monitor
Text mode for monochrome monitor
Number of columns
Number of rows
Graphics mode for color monitor
Graphics mode for monochrome monitor
Character horizontal size in pixels
Character vertical size in pixels
Screen horizontal size in pixels
Screen vertical size in pixels
Screen measurement units (none, inch, centimeter)
Screen number horizontal pixels per unit
Screen number vertical pixels per unit
Screen aspect ratio horizontal unit
Screen aspect ratio vertical unit
5.3.4 Palette (*.PAL)
These files contain palette values used by the Microsoft graphics
library drivers for all pertinent colors, from black to white. The
values are the decimal equivalent of BBGGRR in bytes.
5.3.5 Fonts (*.FON)
These are the Microsoft C library font files. Users cannot edit
them.
5.3.6 Dot Matrix Printer (*.DMP)
These files contain header information plus data sequences to
control EPSON, IBM Pro, C.Itoh, and Okidata dot matrix printers. The
following information in contained in the ASCII dot matrix printer
files, *.DMP:
Value Description
1 0 Reserved (Orientation flag (0/1: Landscape/Portrait))
2 0 Reserved (Autocentering flag)
3 0 Top Margin (lines)
4 5 Left Margin (spaces)
5 512 Default horizontal Size (pixels)
6 428 Default vertical Size (pixels)
7 1 Measure (0 norm, 1 inch, 2 cm)
8 72/80 Pixels per unit, Horizontal
9 72/60 Pixels per unit, Vertical
10 0 Reserved (Resolution number)
11 8 Printer Pins
12 0/1 MSB/LSB on top
13 4/76/0/0 Screen Dump Mode
14 0 X-Expansion
15 0 Y-Expansion
-21-
16 0 Reserved
17 0 Reserved
18 0 Reserved
19 10 Number Sequences
20 6/7 Elements in Sequence
Sequences for EPSONFX,EPSONLQ,IBMPRO,IBMPRO24,C.ITOH,OKIDATA
(Each sequence begins with the number of useful member)
1 RESET
2,27,64,0,0,0
2,27,64,0,0,0
1,24,0,0,0,0
1,24,0,0,0,0
1,24,0,0,0,0,0
1,24,0,0,0,0,0
2 CHARACTER PITCH
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
2,27,110,0,0,0,0
1,29,0,0,0,0,0
3 LEFT(RIGHT) MARGIN
3,27,108,5,0,0
3,27,108,5,0,0
4,27,88,5,80,0
4,27,88,5,80,0
5,27,76,48,48,52,0
6,27,37,67,48,48,52
4 LINE SPACING
3,27,65,8,0,0
3,27,65,8,0,0
3,27,51,24,0,0
3,27,51,24,0,0
4,27,84,49,54,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0,0
5 GRAPHICS ON
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1,3,0,0,0,0,0
-22-
6 BEGIN LINE
5,27,42,5,128,2
5,27,42,4,128,2
5,0,27,76,128,2
5,27,42,4,128,2
5,27,83,48,54,52,48
0,0,0,0,0,0,0
7 END LINE
2,13,10,0,0,0
2,13,10,0,0,0
2,13,10,0,0,0
2,13,10,0,0,0
2,13,10,0,0,0,0
2,3,14,0,0,0,0
8 GRAPHICS OFF
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
2,3,2,0,0,0,0
9 LINE/FORM FEEDS
5,10,10,10,10,10
5,10,10,10,10,10
5,10,10,10,10,10
5,10,10,10,10,10
5,10,10,10,10,10,0
5,10,10,10,10,10,0
10 MISC.
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0,0
5.3.7 HP Laser Printer (*.LSR)
These files contain header information plus data sequences to
control the HP Laserjet printers. The following information in
contained in the ASCII laserjet printer files, *.LSR:
Value Description
1 1 Orientation (0/1: Landscape/Portrait)
2 0 Autocentering flag
3 0 Init Cursor, X (pixels)
4 0 Init Cursor, Y (pixels)
5 85 Page Hor. Size X 10
6 110 Page Ver. Size X 10
7 1 Measure(0 norm, 1 inch, 2 cm)
8 75 Resolution, Pixels per unit
9 300 Max. Resolution, Pixels per unit
10 1 Number of Copies
-23-
11 1 Reserved
12 0 Reserved
13 0 Reserved
14 0 Reserved
15 0 Reserved
16 0 Reserved
17 0 Reserved
18 0 Reserved
19 20 Number Sequences
20 9 Elements in Sequence
1 RESET
27,69
2 RESERVED EXTRA SEQUENCE
3 NUMBER COPIES
27,38,108,X,X,88 (X is ASCII coded)
4,5 ORIENTATION
27,38,108,48,79 (Portrait)
27,38,108,49,79 (Landscape)
6,7,8,9,10,11 RESOLUTION
27,42,116,55,53,82,0 (75 dpi)
27,42,116,49,48,48,82 (100 dpi)
27,42,116,49,53,48,82 (150 dpi)
27,42,116,50,48,48,82 (200 dpi)
27,42,116,51,48,48,82 (300 dpi)
27,42,116,54,48,48,82 (600 dpi)
12 RULE WIDTH (NO. DOTS)
27,42,99,X,X,X,X,65
13 RULE HEIGHT (NO. DOTS)
27,42,99,X,X,X,X,66
14 SET CURSOR X (NO. DOTS)
27,42,112,X,X,X,X,88
15 SET CURSOR Y (NO. DOTS)
27,42,112,X,X,X,X,89
16,17 START GRAPHICS
27,42,114,48,85 (Left Margin)
27,42,114,49,85 (Curr. Cursor)
18 TRANSFER
27,42,98,X,X,X,87,B,B,B,B...
19 END GRAPHICS
27,42,114,66
20 EJECT PAGE
27,38,108,48,72
-24-
6.0 APPENDICES
A. EPSON FX/LQ Codes
Note: 8 Pin mode graphics are only used by DataVu
The EPSON FX/LQ printer control codes which are pertinent to
DataVu are presented here in decimal form for reference:
DOT GRAPHICS (8 Pin FX)
Mode Dots/inch Dots/8 inches Code Alternate Code
0 60 480 27/42/0/n1/n2 27/75/n1/n2
1 120 960 27/42/1/n1/n2 27/76/n1/n2
2 120 960 27/42/2/n1/n2 27/89/n1/n2
(Note: Mode 2 is faster than mode 1 but prints every other dot)
3 240 1920 27/42/3/n1/n2 27/90/n1/n2
4 80 640 27/42/4/n1/n2
5 72 576 27/42/5/n1/n2
6 90 720 27/42/6/n1/n2
7 144 1152 27/42/7/n1/n2
DOT GRAPHICS (24 Pin LQ)
Mode Dots/inch Dots/8 inches Code
(The following are LQ-850 8 pin modes)
0 60 480 27/42/0/n1/n2
1 120 960 27/42/1/n1/n2
2 120 960 27/42/2/n1/n2
3 240 1920 27/42/3/n1/n2
4 80 640 27/42/4/n1/n2
6 90 720 27/42/6/n1/n2
(The following are LQ-850 24 pin modes)
32 60 480 27/42/32/n1/n2
33 120 960 27/42/33/n1/n2
38 90 720 27/42/38/n1/n2
39 180 1440 27/42/39/n1/n2
40 360 2880 27/42/40/n1/n2
Where n1=n MOD 256, n2=INT(n/256), n=total columns
For example, if n=640, then n1=128 and n2=2
Note that following the graphics mode command, the next n bytes are
interpreted as graphics bytes. After n bytes are sent the printer
goes back to its text mode. Also note that for EPSON the MSB of the
graphic byte is on the upper side of the print head.
-25-
LINE SPACING
Line(Pass) Spacing Code
1/6 inch 27/50
1/8 inch 27/48
7/72 inch 27/49
n/72 inch 27/65/n Note: For 8 pin graphics set n=8
n/216 inch 27/51/n Note: For 8 pin graphics set n=24
Note: For LQ-850, n/72 is really n/60, and n/216 is really n/180.
OTHER CODES
Action Code
Left Margin, n 27/108/n
Right Margin, n 27/81/n
Return 13
Line feed 10
Form feed 12
Clear buffer 24
Reset printer 27/64
Note: The symbol "/" is used above as a code delimiter. All
parameters specified explicitly or with "n*" are 8 bit numbers
(0-255). For more printer control codes check your EPSON FX manual.
-26-
B. IBM Proprinter/Proprinter X24E Codes
Note: 8 Pin mode graphics are only used by DataVu
The IBM Proprinter control codes which are pertinent to DataVu
are presented here in decimal form for reference:
DOT GRAPHICS (8 Pin)
Dots/inch Dots/8 inches Code
60 480 27/75/n1/n2
120 960 27/76/n1/n2
120 960 27/89/n1/n2 (Faster, prints every
other dot)
240 1920 27/90/n1/n2
Where n1=n MOD 256, n2=INT(n/256), n=total columns
For example, if n=1920, then n1=128 and n2=7
For 24 pin graphics, the IBM Proprinter X24E Mode commands (AGM on)
are the same as the EPSON LQ-850 commands.
Note that following the graphics mode command, the next n bytes are
interpreted as graphics bytes. After n bytes are sent the printer
goes back to its text mode. Also note that for IBM the MSB of the
graphic byte is on the upper side of the print head.
LINE SPACING
Line(Pass) Spacing Code
1/8 inch 27/48
7/72 inch 27/49
1/6 inch 27/50
n/216 inch 27/51/n Note: For 8 pin graphics set n=24
Note: For X24E in AGM mode n/216 is really equal to n/180.
OTHER CODES
Action Code
Margins 27/88/n1/n2
where n1=left margin, n2=right margin
Return 13
Line feed 10
Form feed 12
Clear buffer 24
Note: The symbol "/" is used above as a code delimiter. All
parameters specified explicitly or with "n*" are 8 bit numbers
(0-255). For more printer control codes check your IBM Proprinter
manual.
-27-
C. C.ITOH 8510 Codes
The C.Itoh printer control codes which are pertinent to DataVu
are presented here in decimal form for reference:
DOT GRAPHICS (8 Pin)
Dot Density
Dots/inch Dots/8 inches Code
80 640 27/78
96 768 27/69
136 1088 27/81
160 1280 27/80
72 576 27/110
120 960 27/113
144 1152 27/112
107 856 27/101
Graphics Command: 27/83/n1/n2/n3/n4 where n1,n2,n3,n4 specify the
number of columns n in decimal-ascii form. For example, n=640 would
be specified as n1=48, n2=54, n3=52 and n4=48. Note that following
the graphics command, the next n bytes are interpreted as graphics
bytes. After n bytes are sent the printer goes back to its text mode.
Also note that for C.ITOH the MSB of the graphic byte is on the lower
side of the print head.
LINE SPACING
Line(Pass) Spacing Code
1/6 inch 27/65
1/8 inch 27/66
n/144 inch 27/84/n1/n2
where n1,n2 specify n in decimal-ascii form. For example, for 8 pin
graphics n should be 16, or n1=49 and n2=54.
OTHER CODES
Action Code
Left margin, n 27/76/n1/n2/n3, where n1,n2,n3 specify n in
decimal-ascii form. For example n=4 is specified as n1=48, n2=48 and
n3=52.
Return 13
Line feed 10
Form feed 12
Clear buffer 24
Reset printer 27/99
Note: The symbol "/" is used above as a code delimiter. All
parameters specified explicitly or with "n*" are 8 bit numbers
(0-255). For more printer control codes check your C.ITOH printer
manual.
-28-
D. OKIDATA ML92 Codes
The Okidata ML92 printer control codes which are pertinent to
DataVu are presented here in decimal form for reference:
DOT GRAPHICS (7 Pin)
Dot Density
Dots/inch Dots/8 inches Code
60 480 30
72 576 28
(Note: This density is normally used for graphics)
103 821 29
GRAPHICS COMMANDS:
Command Code
Enter Graphics Mode 3
Exit Graphics Mode 3/2
Graphics Line Feed(14/144")
and Return 3/14
Note that, unlike the previous printer we have covered, Okidata
printers expect to be put into the graphics mode, then they interpret
data as graphics bytes, they expect a graphics Line Feed/Return, and
finally expect to exit the graphics mode. Also note that for Okidata
the MSB of the graphic byte is on the lower side of the print head.
OTHER CODES
Action Code
Left margin, n 27/37/67/n1/n2/n3, where n1,n2,n3 specify
n in decimal-ascii form. For example n=4
is specified as n1=48, n2=48 and n3=52.
Return 13
Line feed 10
Form feed 12
Clear buffer 24
Note: The symbol "/" is used above as a code delimiter. All
parameters specified explicitly or with "n*" are 8 bit numbers
(0-255). For more printer control codes check your Okidata printer
manual.
-29-
E. ASCII Characters
Dec Hex Ctrl Char Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char
0 0 NUL 43 2B + 86 56 V
1 1 A SOH 44 2C , 87 57 W
2 2 B STX 45 2D - 88 58 X
3 3 C ETX 46 2E . 89 59 Y
4 4 D EOT 47 2F / 90 5A Z
5 5 E ENQ 48 30 0 91 5B [
6 6 F ACK 49 31 1 92 5C \
7 7 G BEL 50 32 2 93 5D ]
8 8 H BS 51 33 3 94 5E ^
9 9 I HT 52 34 4 95 5F _
10 A J LF 53 35 5 96 60 `
11 B K VT 54 36 6 97 61 a
12 C L FF 55 37 7 98 62 b
13 D M CR 56 38 8 99 63 c
14 E N SO 57 39 9 100 64 d
15 F O SI 58 3A : 101 65 e
16 10 P DLE 59 3B ; 102 66 f
17 11 Q DC1 60 3C < 103 67 g
18 12 R DC2 61 3D = 104 68 h
19 13 S DC3 62 3E > 105 69 i
20 14 T DC4 63 3F ? 106 6A j
21 15 U NAK 64 40 @ 107 6B k
22 16 W SYN 65 41 A 108 6C l
23 17 X ETB 66 42 B 109 6D m
24 18 Y CAN 67 43 C 110 6E n
25 19 Z EM 68 44 D 111 6F o
26 1A SUB 69 45 E 112 70 p
27 1B ESC 70 46 F 113 71 q
28 1C FS 71 47 G 114 72 r
29 1D GS 72 48 H 115 73 s
30 1E RS 73 49 I 116 74 t
31 1F US 74 4A J 117 75 u
32 20 Space 75 4B K 118 76 v
33 21 ! 76 4C L 119 77 w
34 22 " 77 4D M 120 78 x
35 23 # 78 4E N 121 79 y
36 24 $ 79 4F O 122 7A z
37 25 % 80 50 P 123 7B {
38 26 & 81 51 Q 124 7C |
39 27 ' 82 52 R 125 7D }
40 28 ( 83 53 S 126 7E ~
41 29 ) 84 54 T 127 7F DEL
42 2A * 85 55 U
-30-
F. IBM Standard Color Codes/Modes
The following information is provided for reference purposes. DataVu
utilizes the Microsoft C library graphics, where colors are controlled
by the palette specified in the *.PAL files (2 or 16 colors).
CGA text color codes
Code Color Code Color
0 Black 8 Dark gray
1 Blue 9 Light Blue
2 Green 10 Light Green
3 Cyan 11 Light Cyan
4 Red 12 Light Red
5 Magenta 13 Light Magenta
6 Brown 14 Yellow
7 White 15 Bright White
Note that background colors can be chosen only from 0 to 7. For
graphics, CGA supports 2 colors (Black and White) for 640x200 and 4
colors for 320x200.
CGA 320x200 graphics color codes (BIOS use)
Code Palette 0 Color Palette 1 Color
0 Black Black
1 Green Cyan
2 Red Magenta
3 Brown Normal White
EGA color codes (BIOS use)
For the 64 color EGA 640x350, the colors are computed from a 6 bit
binary word with bits representing RrGgBb, with the capital letters
representing the weak colors. For example, 110000 is most intense
red, 100000 is weak red, 010000 is intense red and 000000 is black.
In graphics modes, if the color code specified has bit #7 set to 1,
that is the code value is greater than 127, or the desired color code
is added to 128, then the resultant color of the pixel written on the
screen is the specified code XOR'ed with the existing code already on
the screen. This ensures legibility in all cases.
VGA color codes (BIOS use)
With VGA true analog colors/monitors were introduced. Colors are
specified as RGB, each color specified with 6 bits, for a total of 18
bits of information. Also, the pixel is 'square' resulting in more
natural images. For more information, please refer to PC graphics
reference books.
-31-
Graphic Modes
Standard Mode Colors Pixel Size Segment
CGA 6 2 640 X 200 B800
CGA 4/5 4 640 X 200 B800
EGA 15 2 640 X 350 A000
EGA 16 4/16 640 X 350 A000
VGA 17 2 640 X 480 A000
VGA 18 16 640 X 480 A000
VGA 19 256 320 X 480 A000
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